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Famous Quotes Explained: « Violence always presents itself as a counter-violence, that is, as a response to the violence of the other. », Critique of Dialectical Reason, Jean-Paul Sartre, 1960.
Sartre was a 20th-century French existentialist philosopher known for his political activism and writings on freedom, existentialism (a philosophical thought emphasizing individual responsibility in life choices), and the human condition in the world.
In his essay Critique of Dialectical Reason (1960), Sartre explores the concept of violence in relation to dialectics, a philosophical method for analyzing social contradictions and conflicts. The quote suggests that violence typically doesn’t emerge out of nowhere but rather as a response to previous violence, an act of counter-violence in reaction to prior aggression.
Sartre asserts that violence often follows a dialectical pattern, meaning it arises from the interaction of opposing, antagonistic forces. He emphasizes that violence isn’t one-sided; it manifests as a reaction to preexisting violence. This idea aligns with Sartre’s existential perspective, where individuals grapple with complex situations and are often compelled to react based on others’ actions.
The quote from Sartre encourages reflection on the complex nature of violence, its origins, and its perpetuation, while underscoring that understanding violence requires taking into account the surrounding context and dialectical dynamics.
The quote doesn’t promote optimism as it places violence in a seemingly unbreakable cycle. It also critiques the idea of evading responsibility: Violence always presents itself as counter-violence. The pretext for violence is a response to prior violence without assessing one’s own violence. This raises the question of how to stop violence if one’s responsibility is never acknowledged.
Violence always presents itself as a counter-violence, that is, as a response to the violence of the other.
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